employee from 01.01.1999 until now
Russian Federation
employee from 01.01.2023 until now
Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
UDC 159.9.072
Introduction. The article discusses issues related to academic procrastination, the prevalence of which in the student sample depends on the course of study. The basis for the formation of procrastination among first-year students is the lack of external control over class attendance and the timely submission of completed work compared to the school period of study. Procrastination is not a consequence of poor academic performance, as it is common among students with good learning abilities and self-criticism. To solve this problem, experts suggest considering academic procrastination from the perspective of both the student’s personal qualities and the conditions of their education that contribute to mental health and professional development. Research methods. The study of academic procrastination was conducted within the framework of a cognitive approach, which involves identifying the mechanisms of procrastination in the area of personal assessments and perceptions of oneself and others. The study was designed to compare the causes of conscious and unconscious procrastination. The study was conducted among first- and second-year students at the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (NRNU MEPhI). The main diagnostic tool used was the “Degree of Procrastination” questionnaire. In addition, diagnostic methods were used that reflected the research design in terms of solving the tasks set: the “Degree of Procrastination” questionnaire, the “Lifestyle Index” and the “Eysenck Personality Questionnaire”; a method for diagnosing the sociopsychological attitudes of the individual in the motivational-need sphere. Results. The study shows that anxiety is the main factor contributing to academic procrastination. It has been proven that the identified causes of procrastination among students are due to poorly understood mechanisms of psychological defence, such as regression, intellectualisation and suppression. It has been found that personal explanations for procrastination do not correspond to the results of objective test measurements.
procrastination, student life, perfectionism, anxiety, motivational insufficiency, patterns, mechanism and prevention of procrastination
1. Bolotova, A. K. (2023). Fenomen prokrastinacii v razlichnyh vidah professional'noj deyatel'nosti. V Priverzhennost' voprosam psihicheskogo zdorov'ya: materialy IV Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Moskva, 05–07 oktyabrya 2023 goda, str. 31–39). Moskow: Rossijskij universitet druzhby narodov.
2. Vetrova, O. A. (2022). Akademicheskaya prokrastinaciya v studencheskoj srede: sociologicheskij analiz. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sociologiya. Menedzhment, 12 (1), 167–181. https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1552-2022-12-1-167-181
3. Denisenko, Yu. S. (2021). Mekhanizmy prokrastinacii v paradigme glubinnoj psihologii. Psihologiya i pedagogika v Krymu: puti razvitiya, 1, 45–52.
4. Zlokazov, K. V. (2011). Issledovanie urovnya uspevaemosti studentov v svyazi s osobennostyami destruktivnosti lichnosti. Pedagogicheskoe obrazovanie v Rossii, 1, 106–112.
5. Kiseleva, M. A. (2015). Teoreticheskoe obosnovanie oprosnika «Stepen' vyrazhennosti prokrastinacii» (SVP). Sborniki konferencij NIC Sociosfera, 10, 23–27.
6. Kovylin, V. S. (2013). Teoreticheskie osnovy izucheniya fenomena prokrastinacii. Lichnost' v menyayushchemsya mire: zdorov'e, adaptaciya, razvitie, 2 (2), 22–41.
7. Kondrashihina, O. A. (2023). Vzaimosvyaz' kognitivnyh iskazhenij i prokrastinacii u studentov v kontekste sovremennogo obrazovaniya. Osovskie pedagogicheskie chteniya "Obrazovanie v sovre¬mennom mire: novoe vremya – novye resheniya", 1, 370–374.
8. Kukla, A. (2023). Mental'nye lovushki: Gluposti, kotorye delayut razumnye lyudi, chtoby isportit' sebe zhizn'. Moskow: Al'pina Pablisher.
9. Kupriyanchuk, E. V. (2019). Osobennosti prokrastinacii studencheskoj molodezhi. Strahovskie chteniya, 27, 197–203.
10. Miklyaeva, A. V., Rebrova, D. S., Savinskaya, A. S. (2017). Akademicheskaya prokrastinaciya v studencheskoj srede: rezul'taty empiricheskogo. Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universite¬ta. Seriya: Psihologiya, 19, 59–66.
11. Pankratova, A. M., Kuznecova M. N. (2018). Prokrastinaciya v studencheskoj srede. Forum molodyh uchenyh, 6-2 (22), 1069–1072.
12. Platonova, E. S. (2025). Vzaimosvyaz' volevoj samoregulyacii i prokrastinacii studentov. V O. K. Iriskhanova (otv. red.), Collegium Linguisticum – 2025: tezisy dokladov Ezhegod¬noj konferencii Studencheskogo nauchnogo obshchestva MGLU (Moskva, 11–13 marta 2025 goda, str. 240). Moskow: Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj lingvisticheskij universitet.
13. Ryzova, S. V. (2018). Osobennosti avtomaticheskih myslej pri prokrastinacii u studentov gumani¬tarnyh vuzov. Evrazijskij soyuz uchenyh, 2-3 (47), 48–50.
14. Smanov, D. A. (2023). Kognitivnye osobennosti i prediktory prokrastinacii. Nauchnyj rezul'tat. Pedagogika i psihologiya obrazovaniya, 9 (2), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.18413/2313-8971-2023-9-2-0-8
15. Solov'eva, S. D. (2024). Prokrastinaciya: chto eto takoe i chem ona otlichaetsya ot leni. Yunyj uchenyj, 3 (77), 254–259.
16. Teplov, A. V. (2024). Issledovanie specifiki refleksivnosti studentov s raznym urovnem akademi-cheskoj prokrastinacii. Yaroslavskij psihologicheskij vestnik, 2 (59), 78–82.
17. Fromm, E. (2015). Anatomiya chelovecheskoj destruktivnosti (per. s nem. E. M. Telyatnikovoj). Moskow: Izdatel'stvo AST.
18. Shevchenko, K. I. (2024). Polovye razlichiya prokrastinacii i smyslovyh orientacij u studentov gumanitarnyh napravlenij obucheniya. V Nauka. Tekhnologii. Innovacii: sbornik trudov XVII Vserossijskoj nauchnoj konferencii molodyh uchenyh (v 11-ti chastyah, chast' 8, Novosibirsk, 04–08 dekabrya 2023 goda, str. 158–161). Novosibirsk: Novosibirskij gosudarstvennyj tekhnicheskij universitet.
19. Shcherbakov, M. A. (1998). 7 puteshestvij v strukturu soznaniya. Teoriya i praktika razvitiya lichnosti. Moskow: Institut razvitiya lichnosti.
20. Yuzhakova, I. O., Basalaeva, N. V. (2019). Izuchenie prokrastinacii v studencheskoj populyacii. V Psihologicheskoe zdorov'e cheloveka: zhiznennyj resurs i zhiznennyj potencial: materialy VI-j Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Krasnoyarsk, 22–23 noyabrya 2019 goda, str. 504–510). Krasnoyarsk: Izdatel'stvo «Verso».
21. Koppenborg, M., & Klingsieck, K. B. (2022). Social factors of procrastination: group work can reduce procrastination among students. Social Psychology of Education, 25 (1), 249–274. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11218-021-09682-3
22. Lay, C. H. (1986). At last, my research article on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20 (4), 474–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-6566(86)90127-3
23. Medina Brakamonte, N. A., Kitaeva, E. M., Medina Brakamonte, D. D., & Chubun, I. Yu. (2024). Personal disposition to perfectionism and procrastination as a factor for motivation toward success: Adult students' case (In English). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology, 14 (4), 731–742. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2024.410
24. Miao, M., Chen, Y., & Zhou, Zh. (2024). Procrastination in the Intention–Behaviour gap: Exercise pro¬crastination and the moderating role of emotion. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 74, 102672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102672
25. Milgram, N. A., Batori, G., & Mowrer, D. (1993). Correlates of Academic Procrastination. Journal of School Psychology, 31 (4), 487–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4405(93)90033-F
26. Rahimi, S., Hall, N. C., & Sticca, F. (2023). Understanding academic procrastination: A Longitudinal analysis of procrastination and emotions in undergraduate and graduate students. Motivation and Emotion, 47 (4), 554–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-023-10010-9
27. Sujadi, E., & Sulistiyo, U. (2025). Smartphone Addiction, Religiosity, and Academic Procrastination among College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-esteem and Self-regulated Learning. Psychological Science and Education, 30 (1), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.17759/pse.2025300105
