from 01.01.2018 until now
Russian Federation
UDC 340.123
Introduction. This article analyses the perspectives of legal historian Ioanniky Alekseevich Malinovsky (1868-1932) on the formation process of the Old Russian State. The relevance of the study stems from the need to reinterpret historical and legal concepts within the context of modern approaches to studying early statehood. The aim is to identify key ideas in Malinovsky’s scholarly legacy concerning the processes associated with state formation and the development of political and legal institutions in Russia. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the works of I. A. Malinovsky, particularly his studies on legal history and statehood. Critical-analytical methods were applied in examining these texts. Results. The analysis of Malinovsky’s works allows for the identification of the following key ideas: In the early period, separate territories existed, each centered around a principal community. These territories were formed from urban and rural communities, where the senior town provided protection for its suburbs. The state system was founded on popular rule, with full sovereign power vested in the people’s assembly - the veche. The prince’s authority was limited by a ‘contract’ (ryad) and the Boyar Council. The Boyar Council served as the supreme governing body, comprising the clergy and nobility. It deliberated on matters of administration, international treaties, and reforms. The principle of popular rule was realised through the interplay of the prince and the veche. Until the end of the 12th century, elements of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy coexisted. Discussion. The article highlights Malinovsky’s innovative critique of the ‘Normanist theory’ and his emphasis on internal factors of state development. It is noted that some of his conclusions, especially regarding the role of Slavic law, remain significant for contemporary scholarly debates. Conclusion. The study confirms that the works of I. A. Malinovsky represent a valuable source for examining the genesis of the Old Russian State. Despite their debatable nature, his ideas contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between external and internal factors in the early history of Rus’.
history of legal science, I. A. Malinovsky, school of West Russian law, Old Russian State, statehood, social organisation of society, political institutions of Ancient Rus’, prince, veche, Boyar Council, social structures, source of power
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