from 01.01.2018 until now
Sankt-Peterburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
UDK 34 Право. Юридические науки
GRNTI 10.77 Уголовное право
OKSO 40.02.02 Правоохранительная деятельность
BBK 67 Право. Юридические науки
TBK 758 Уголовное право. Криминалистика. Криминология
BISAC LAW026000 Criminal Law / General
The article is devoted to the necessary defense as a circumstance that precludes the criminality of an act in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The significance and importance of the existence of this norm is proclaimed both in the criminal law and in the Basic law of the state – the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The existence of a rule on necessary defense in the state emphasizes the development of its legal system, allowing citizens to defend their own interests and protect the interests of others, in ways not prohibited by law, thereby preventing exceeding the limits of necessary defense. A number of issues related to the application of the norms provided for in article 37 of the Criminal code of Russia, as well as the norms of the Special part of the Criminal code of Russia, which provide for liability for crimes committed when exceeding the limits of necessary defense, were raised. The study of the relevant norms makes it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an act, including the shortcomings of judicial and investigative practice. The author criticizes the existing approach and suggests ways to resolve these problems, including by correcting the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2012, № 19 «About application by courts of legislation on necessary defense and causing harm when detaining a person who has committed a crime». Because of the ambiguous and often inconsistent application of norms of the criminal legislation on necessary defense, the authors give the recommendations (in further reconstruction of the relevant provisions of article 37 of the Criminal Code) to use an enumeration approach of presenting the legal formulation of these rules that allow the defender to cause any harm to an attacker. At the same time, it creates the most understandable, for citizens, formulation of the norm that allows lawfully causing harm to public relations protected by criminal law.
circumstances excluding criminality of act, necessary defense, excess of limits of necessary defense, the criminal code of the Russian Federation, Plenum of the Supreme Court of 27.09.2012 № 19 «About application by courts of legislation on necessary defense and infliction of harm during the arrest of the perpetrator of the crime»
1. Anashkin G. Z., Borodin S. V., Gal'perin I. M., Zagorodnikov N. I. i dr. Ugolovnyy zakon. Opyt teoreticheskogo modelirovaniya / otv. red.: Kelina S. G., Kudryavcev V. N. - Moskva: Nauka, 1987. - 276 c.
2. Milyukov S. F., Nikulenko A. V. Prichinenie vreda pri zaderzhanii lica, sovershivshego obschestvenno opasnoe deyanie : monografiya. - Sankt-Peterburg: Yuridicheskiy centr, 2015. - 560 s.
3. Konyahin V. P. Teoreticheskie osnovy postroeniya Obschey chasti rossiyskogo ugolovnogo prava : monografiya. - Sankt-Peterburg: Yuridicheskiy centr Press, 2012. - 348 s.
4. Zubkova V. I. Otvetstvennost' za prestupleniya protiv lichnosti po zakonodatel'stvu Rossii : monografiya. - Moskva: Norma, 2012 - 256 s.
5. Parhomenko S. V. Deyaniya, prestupnost' kotoryh isklyuchaetsya v silu social'noy poleznosti i neobhodimosti : monografiya. - Sankt-Peterburg: Yuridicheskiy centr Press, 2004. - 267 c.
6. Zhurkina O. V. Institut neobhodimoy oborony v zakonodatel'stve zarubezhnyh stran [Elektronnyy resurs] // Nauchno-metodicheskiy elektronnyy zhurnal «Koncept». - 2015. - T. 13. - S. 4426-4430. - URL: http://e-koncept.ru/2015/85886.htm (data obrascheniya: 19.06.2020).
7. Dodonov V. N., Kapinus O. S. Neobhodimaya oborona (sravnitel'nyy analiz sovremennyh ugolovnyh zakonodatel'stv) // Pravo i politika. - 2005. - № 3. - S. 125-132.
8. Mironov S. A. Neobhodimaya oborona v ugolovnom prave KNR: istoriya i sovremennost' (sravnitel'no-pravovoy podhod) / Ugolovnoe pravo i sovremennost' : sbornik statey. - Vyp. 3 / pod. red. A.E. Zhalinskogo. - Moskva: Gosudarstvennyy universitet - Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki, 2011. - S. 428-432.
9. Pobegaylo E. F. Izbrannye trudy. - Moskva: Yuridicheskiy centr Press, 2008. - 1064 s.
10. Volzhenkin B. V. Model'nyy ugolovnyy kodeks i ego vliyanie na formirovanie ugolovnogo zakonodatel'stva gosudarstv - uchastnikov Sodruzhestva Nezavisimyh Gosudarstv / Novoe ugolovnoe zakonodatel'stvo stran SNG i Baltii : sbornik nauchnyh statey. - Moskva: LeksEst, 2002. - S. 7-31.
