Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection

Regina R. Dolotina

VAK Russia 5.1.3 UDC 349.2

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SEPARATION OF POWERS OF PROCURATOR’S OFFICE AND THE FEDERAL LABOUR INSPECTORATE IN THE SPHERE OF LABOUR RIGHTS PROTECTION Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection

АА Аа

Published in Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia · Volume 2026, Issue 3 · Pages 131–142 · Rubric: CIVIL LAW SCIENCES

Received: 20.03.2026 Accepted: 25.09.2026 Published: 30.09.2026 Language of publication: RUS

Authors

Regina R. Dolotina

ORCID

Regina R. Dolotina

Academic degree: candidate of jurisprudence sciences

Science rang: docent

Kutafin Moscow State Law Academy’s Moscow

ORCID

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Violation of labour law may be the basis for both federal labour inspectorate monitoring actions and prosecutorial response. The basic normative limit of prosecutorial intervention is prohibition of other state bodies’ substitution. This prohibition does not exclude the prosecutorial powers usage if there are legal grounds, but requires taking into account the competence of the federal labour inspectorate and the legal result of the measure chosen. Materials and methods. Formal-legal, systemic, functional and comparative-legal methods are applied. The normative framework consisted of labour legislation norms, legislation on the prosecutor’s office and state control (supervision), as well as civil and administrative procedural legislation. The empirical basis was formed by official data on the results of prosecutor bodies’ activities and judicial acts adopted in 2023-2025, selected with the involvement of the prosecutor, the nature of the labor law violation and the remedy applied. Results. The article proposes a three-step algorithm for distinguishing the prosecutor’s response and the activities of the federal labour inspection. It involves establishing the legal grounds for the use of prosecutorial authority, determining the necessary legal result and assessing the independent significance of the prosecutorial measure in the light of the powers and previously adopted labour inspection measures. The public significance of the violation, the victims’ plurality, the employee’s vulnerability and the urgency of the law protection are considered as criteria for priority response, but not as independent grounds for prosecutorial powers. The analysis of judicial acts made it possible to identify cases of consistent application of prosecutorial and inspection measures, as well as to determine the limits of prosecutorial intervention. Discussion. The federal labour inspectorate has not only supervisory powers, but also legal means of remedying violations and restoring labour rights. The choice of prosecutorial measure requires establishment of the legal grounds for their application, the necessary legal outcome determination and consideration of measures previously adopted by the federal labour inspectorate. The prosecutor’s response may take the form of a court case in issues provided by procedural law, the initiation of an administrative offence, the submission of materials to resolve the issue of criminal prosecution, as well as the verification of the legality and completeness of measures, approved by the federal labour inspectorate.

KEYWORDS

prosecutorial supervision, labour rights protection, federal labour inspectorate, state control (supervision), measures of prosecutorial response, prohibition of substitution of state bodies, judicial protection

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GOST

Dolotina R. R. Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection // Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2026. no. 3. pp. 131-142. URL: https://vestnikspbmvd.ru/en/nauka/publications/article/6a9c163632807fdbab8727d5/separation-of-powers-of-procurator-s-office-and-the-federal-labour-inspectorate-in-the-sphere-of-labour-rights-protection/view. (Date of access 06.10.2026).

MLA

Regina R. Dolotina. "Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2026.3 (2026): 131-142. URL: https://vestnikspbmvd.ru/en/nauka/publications/article/6a9c163632807fdbab8727d5/separation-of-powers-of-procurator-s-office-and-the-federal-labour-inspectorate-in-the-sphere-of-labour-rights-protection/view.

APA

Dolotina R. R. (2026). Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection. Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2026(3), 131-142. URL: https://vestnikspbmvd.ru/en/nauka/publications/article/6a9c163632807fdbab8727d5/separation-of-powers-of-procurator-s-office-and-the-federal-labour-inspectorate-in-the-sphere-of-labour-rights-protection/view

Chicago

Regina R. Dolotina. "Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2026, no. 3 (2026): 131-142. URL: https://vestnikspbmvd.ru/en/nauka/publications/article/6a9c163632807fdbab8727d5/separation-of-powers-of-procurator-s-office-and-the-federal-labour-inspectorate-in-the-sphere-of-labour-rights-protection/view.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Dolotina R. R. | title = Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection | journal = Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia | year = 2026 | volume = 2026 | issue = 3 | pages = 131-142 | url = https://vestnikspbmvd.ru/en/nauka/publications/article/6a9c163632807fdbab8727d5/separation-of-powers-of-procurator-s-office-and-the-federal-labour-inspectorate-in-the-sphere-of-labour-rights-protection/view }}

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SEPARATION OF POWERS OF PROCURATOR’S OFFICE AND THE FEDERAL LABOUR INSPECTORATE IN THE SPHERE OF LABOUR RIGHTS PROTECTION Separation of powers of procurator’s office and the federal labour inspectorate in the sphere of labour rights protection

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