Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution

Sergey Popov; Daniyar V. Kayrgaliev

UDC

343.223

LEGITIMATE HARM DURING OPERATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION: FROM INTERSECTORAL CONFLICT TO LEGISLATIVE SOLUTION Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution

АА Аа

Published in Bulletin of the Kaliningrad branch of the Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia · Pages 30–36 · Rubric: IMPROVING THE ACTIVITIES OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES

Received: 29.05.2026 Accepted: 01.06.2026 Published: 30.06.2026

Authors

Sergey Popov

ORCID SPIN

Daniyar V. Kayrgaliev

Sergey Popov

Kaliningrad branch of St. Petersburg University of the Russian Interior Ministry Teacher · Operativno-razysknoy deyatel'nosti organov vnutrennih del · Russian Federation · Kaliningrad

ORCID SPIN

Daniyar V. Kayrgaliev

Volgogradskaya akademiya MVD Rossii

ABSTRACT

Annotation. Introduction. The study, the results of which are presented in the article, examined the criminal law and operational-investigative aspects of operational infiltration – an operational-investigative measure during which its participants are forced to cause harm to assets protected by law. Since the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation does not provide for a special circumstance excluding the criminality of such harm, legal uncertainty arises and vicious practices develop: either infiltrators are unjustifiably prosecuted, or their actions are removed from the application of criminal law through informal agreements. Methods. The study employed dialectical, formal-legal, comparative-legal methods, and the method of legal modeling. Results. It was established that the circumstances enshrined in criminal law excluding the criminality of an act do not cover the specifics of operational infiltration. Two types of limits on the lawful infliction of harm are identified: absolute and relative. A systematic interpretation of criminal and investigative law has helped justify the legality of an undercover agent's forced participation in criminal activity in the absence of criminal intent. It has been proposed to supplement the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with an article establishing a special circumstance precluding the criminality of an act during investigative operations, as well as to amend the list of mitigating circumstances and sentencing rules for cases where the permissible limits of lawful harm are exceeded.

KEYWORDS

Operational investigative activities, operational implementation, criminal law enforcement, causing harm, limits of legality, foreign experience, legislative improvement

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Editor in chief

Maksim Bavsun

kafedramvd@mail.ru

Deputy Chief Editor

Anna Alekseeva

alexeeva.klg-mvd@yandex.ru

Member of the Editorial Board

Andrey Stulov

andrew_baltika@mail.ru

GOST

Popov S. V., Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution // . 2026. pp. 30-36. (Date of access 19.08.2026).

MLA

Sergey Popov, . "Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution." (2026): 30-36.

APA

Popov S. V., (2026). Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution. , 30-36.

Chicago

Sergey Popov, . "Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution." , no. (2026): 30-36.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Popov S. V., | title = Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution | journal = | year = 2026 | pages = 30-36 }}

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LEGITIMATE HARM DURING OPERATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION: FROM INTERSECTORAL CONFLICT TO LEGISLATIVE SOLUTION Legitimate harm during operational implementation: from intersectoral conflict to legislative solution

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