Introduction. The article discusses the methodological foundations for the formation of the readiness of future employees of the penal enforcement system to implement probation functions. Probation activities require specialists to have special knowledge and skills related to assessing the risk of relapse, conducting accounting and analytical work and interacting with various social institutions. Approaches to the training of future specialists, including theoretical and practical aspects of training, are presented. The importance of the development and implementation of psychological programmes aimed at the formation of necessary professional and personal qualities in future specialists is substantiated. Methods: analysis, comparison and modeling. The model of formation of readiness of future employees of the penal system to perform probation functions is considered. Probation as an institutional form of control and rehabilitation of offenders requires specific knowledge and skills from specialists. The key components of the model are highlighted and mechanisms for its implementation in educational organisations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are proposed. Results. Formation of readiness of future employees of the penal system to implement probation functions is a priority task that requires a careful approach to educational methods and training programs. In this context, the authors identified several key aspects that should be achieved in the training of cadets of educational organisations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia (understanding of the probation concept; formation of professional competencies; development of teaching methodology; social and psychological training; practical interaction, etc.). These aspects will help to improve the quality of training of future employees, which in turn will contribute to the effective implementation of probation functions in the penal system of the Russian Federation.