Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy

Vitaly Balakhonsky; Sergey Markov

UDC

340

VAK Russia

5.1.1

LOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ANALOGY OF LAW AND ANALOGY OF LEGISLATION IN RUSSIAN LEGAL PHILOSOPHY Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy

АА Аа

Published in Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia · Pages 10–18 · Rubric: Theoretical and historical legal sciences

Received: 05.05.2025 Accepted: 25.09.2025 Published: 30.09.2025 Language of publication: RUS

Authors

Vitaly Balakhonsky

ORCID

Sergey Markov

ORCID

Vitaly Balakhonsky

Academic degree: doctor of philosophical sciences

Science rang: professor ; academician author.academy_titles.37

Russian Federation

ORCID

Sergey Markov

Academic degree: candidate of philosophical sciences

Science rang: docent

The Far Eastern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice Phd of Philosophy professor · Department of Humanitarian and Socio-Economic Disciplines Chair · Russian Federation · Khabarovsk

ORCID

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Analogy is not only a logical method of reasoning, but also a methodological approach of philosophy and legal theory. Unfortunately, the popular Hegelian interpretation of analogy from the “Small Logic” has had a negative impact on the discussion around the analogy of law and the analogy of the legislation, which creates a certain methodological uncertainty and ambiguity in scientific works devoted to the theory of law. The purpose of the study: clarifying the essence and the specificity of the analogy method in the field of law, conducting a formal and meaningful differentiation of the concepts of “analogy of law” and “analogy of legislation.” The sources for the study are international law and legislation of Russian, including the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Methods: comparative-system, Lon Fuller’s procedural theory, topic, logic and hermeneutics, deduction and induction, syllogistics and Mill’s canons, analogy of objects and analogy of relations, demonstrative analogy or “strict.” Results. The thesis is substantiated that in legal ideology today there is a biased attitude towards analogy as an exceptional method of legal technique, which is used primarily in connection with the so-called gap in legislation or the logic of search work in forensicinvestigative practice, or as a metaphysical attitude. The paper reveals the logical grounds for the possible (procedural) application of analogy in legal epistemology and branches of law, and also substantiates the thesis that the method of analogy in the process of its application can lead to logical conclusions that are not only demonstrative, but also heuristically and methodologically significant.

KEYWORDS

philosophy of law, logic, method, analogy, analogy of law, analogy of legislation, demonstrative analogy

Text

Text (PDF)

Read Download

1. Markov S. M. Nravstvenno-yuridicheskie pravila Ustava treteyskogo suda G .R. Derzhavina: istochniki i kommentariy // Mirovoy sud'ya. 2024. № 2. S. 14–18. https://doi.org/10.18572/2072-4152-2024-2-14-18

2. Markov S. M., Balahonskiy V. V. Metodologicheskie i mirovozzrencheskie aspekty social'nogo fentezi Lyu Cysinya «Zadacha treh tel» // Social'nye i gumanitarnye nauki na Dal'nem Vostoke. 2023. T. 20, № 3. S. 76–84. https://doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2023- 20-3-76-84

3. Erdniev P. M. Analogiya v matematike. Moskva : Znanie, 1970. 27 s.

4. Morozov M. V. Analogiya pri primenenii pravil kvalifikacii prestupleniy // Pravoporyadok: istoriya, teoriya, praktika. 2025. № 1 (44). S. 80–83. https://doi.org/10.47475/2311-696X-2025-44-1-80-83

5. Platon. Gorgiy // Sobranie sochineniy : v 4 t. / [obsch. red. A. F. Loseva [i dr.] ; primech. A. A. Taho-Godi ; per. s drevnegr. V. S. Solov'eva [i dr.]]. Moskva : Mysl', 1990. T. 1. 860 c.

6. Mikryukov V. A. O sostoyanii nauchnyh issledovaniy po problemam instituta analogii v grazhdanskom prave // Aktual'nye pro-blemy rossiyskogo prava. 2018. № 1 (86). S. 60–68. https://doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2018.86.1.060-068

7. Kurbatov A. Ya. Spravedlivost' v rossiyskom prave: podmena ponyatiy, sub'ektivizm i neopredelennost' // Voprosy pravovedeniya. 2012. № 3 (15). S. 44–64.

8. Balahonskiy V. V., Balahonskaya L. V. Deviantnoe povedenie: problema metodologicheskogo ponimaniya normy i ee social'noobrazovatel'nyh reprezentaciy // Rossiyskiy deviantologicheskiy zhurnal. 2022. T. 2, № 1. S. 27–38. https://doi.org/10.35750/2713-0622-2022-1-27-38

9. Balahonskiy V. V. Filosofskie problemy metodologii prava // Filosofiya prava. 2011. № 5 (48). S. 5.

10. Balahonskiy V. V. Pravosoznanie i ego rol' v zhizni obschestva : monografiya / Balahonskiy V. V., Kudin V. A., Oleynikov V. S.,Dzhegutanov B. K. Sankt-Peterburg : Izdatel'stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii, 2018. 173 s.

11. Chechel'nickiy I. V. Princip spravedlivosti v prave // Istoriya gosudarstva i prava. 2014. № 6. S. 57–63.

12. Ivanov A. G. Suschnost' sub'ektivnoy oshibki v ugolovnom prave: filosofskiy aspekt // Filosofiya prava. 2023. № 3 (106). S. 105–111.

13. Petrovskiy N. A. Metod analogii v teorii ugolovno-processual'nogo prava / Ugolovnaya yusticiya: zakonodatel'stvo, teoriya i praktika : sbornik nauchnyh statey HIII Respublikanskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, g. Brest, 16 noyabrya 2022 g./ red. G. I. Zaymist, I. A. Zaranka. Brest : Brestskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, 2023. S. 89–94.

14. Dashko A. V. Edinstvo predmeta grazhdanskogo prava // Filosofiya prava. 2023. № 3 (106). S. 61–66.

15. Ivannikov I. A. Istina i spravedlivost' // Voprosy filosofii. 2017. № 3. S. 5–15.

16. Ovchinnikov A. I. Teologiya prava i sovremennoe pravoponimanie // Filosofiya prava. 2023. № 2 (105). S. 125–131.

17. Petrovskiy N. A. Metod analogii v sovremennoy metodologii prava // Filosofiya prava. 2007. № 2 (21). S. 62–69.

18. Markov S. M. Ideologiya v sovremennom rossiyskom obschestve i ee filosofsko-pravoy status / Aktual'nye problemy social'noy filosofii : materialy vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, g. Sankt-Peterburg, 21 iyunya 2024 g. / pod red. V. V. Balahonskogo, P. G. Martysyuka. Sankt-Peterburg : Izdatel'stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii, 2024. S. 30–33.

19. Karnaushenko L. V. Metodologicheskie principy metafiziki prava // Filosofiya prava. 2022. № 3 (102). S. 7–12.

20. Erdniev P. M. Analogiya v matematike. Moskva : Znanie, 1970. 30 s.

21. Markov S. M. Filosofsko-pravovaya ocenka proekta eticheskogo kodeksa neyrotehnologiy YuNESKO (22–26 aprelya 2024 g.)// Medicinskoe pravo. 2024. № 2 (110). S. 36–39.

22. Markov S. M. Status «dolzhnostnogo lica» v postsovetskoy byurokraticheskoy real'nosti: logicheskiy i yuridicheskiy analiz koncepta / XI Yuzhno-rossiyskiy politologicheskiy konvent YuFU «Sovremennaya paradigma gosudarstvennyh interesov: koncept i postsovetskaya real'nost'» / otv. red. R.A. Pupykin, K.P. Pilyugina. Rostov-na-Donu; Taganrog: Izd-vo YuFU, 2021. S. 38–46.

GOST

Balakhonsky V. V., Markov S. M. Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy // Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2025. no. 3. pp. 10-18. (Date of access 16.09.2026).

MLA

Vitaly Balakhonsky, Markov S. M.. "Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2025.3 (2025): 10-18.

APA

Balakhonsky V. V., Markov S. M. (2025). Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy. Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2025(3), 10-18.

Chicago

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Balakhonsky V. V., Markov S. M. | title = Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy | journal = Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia | year = 2025 | volume = 2025 | issue = 3 | pages = 10-18 }}

Copy

Export: BibTeX EndNote RefMan RusMARC

LOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ANALOGY OF LAW AND ANALOGY OF LEGISLATION IN RUSSIAN LEGAL PHILOSOPHY Logical foundations of analogy of law and analogy of legislation in Russian legal philosophy

Confirmation