@article{Tambovtsev2026the, author={Tambovtsev, A.I. and Pavlichenko, N.V.}, title={The origin and development of operational investigative measures: from proto-OIM to modern ways of obtaining operational information}, journal={Bulletin of the Kaliningrad branch of the Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia}, publisher={SAINT-PETERSBURG UNIVERSITY OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION}, year={2026}, pages={111-118}, volume={0}, issue={1}, }